6:4 Nephilim. See text note. These giant-like “mighty men,” the offspring of the demonic tyrants (v. 2 note), filled the earth with violence (v. 11; Num. 13:32). The Hebrew root means “to fall,” and may suggest their fate (Ezek. 32:20–28).

and also afterward. This parenthetical remark reminds the book’s original audience that the same kind of horrible people existed after the Flood (Num. 13:32).

mighty men. The Hebrew here is also used for Nimrod and his bestial kingdom (10:8–11).